What is the main function of a literature review?

The main function of a literature review is to synthesize existing research and identify gaps. This process involves systematically gathering and evaluating prior research studies, theories, and discussions related to a particular topic. By doing so, the literature review allows researchers to build upon existing knowledge, understand the current state of research in the field, and highlight areas where further investigation is needed. This critical analysis not only helps in framing the research question but also supports the rationale for the current study, ensuring that it contributes to the broader academic discourse.

The literature review does not focus on collecting new data, which is the role of fieldwork or empirical research. While it may help in establishing a theoretical framework, this is a broader aspect of research planning. Performing statistical analysis pertains more specifically to data processing rather than reviewing literature.