What does the term "triangulation" refer to in research methods?

The term "triangulation" in research methods refers to the practice of using multiple data sources, researchers, or methods to enhance the validity and reliability of research findings. By combining different approaches—such as qualitative and quantitative methods, or observations and interviews—researchers can cross-verify results and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. This helps to reduce bias and strengthen the overall conclusions drawn from the study, making the findings more robust.

In this context, the other options do not accurately capture the essence of triangulation. The development of new hypotheses pertains to the broader scientific process and is not specifically linked to triangulation. The process of sampling subgroups focuses on how research subjects are selected rather than how data is validated. Finally, the analysis of qualitative data only is a narrow focus that does not align with the multifaceted approach of triangulation, which encourages combining different types of data to support research outcomes.