How is qualitative research defined in sociology?

Qualitative research in sociology is defined as an approach that emphasizes understanding social phenomena through methods such as interviews, observations, and open-ended discussions. This method is particularly effective for exploring the meanings and experiences of individuals in various social contexts. By engaging directly with participants, researchers can gather rich, detailed insights into the complexities of social life, enabling a deeper comprehension of subjective experiences and the social processes involved.

In contrast, the other options relate to quantitative research methods, which prioritize numerical data, statistical analysis, and large-scale surveys. While these approaches can provide valuable information about patterns and trends in society, they tend to focus less on the nuances and depth of individual perspectives that qualitative research captures. This distinction underscores the unique contributions that qualitative research makes to the field of sociology by enabling a more comprehensive exploration of human behavior and social interactions.